Spagna
A country admitted, after the end of the dictatorship of Francisco Franco who died in 1975, to NATO since 1982 and to the European Community since 1986.
Spain is, together with France, the only European country bordered by both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
It is a country with strong immigration from Morocco, mainly in the enclave of Ceuta and Melilla.
A nation with a deep Neo-Latin culture, it received its first unitary statehood in the 5th century A.D. by the Visigoths.
After Arab domination, it was definitively reunified in 1492 with the conquest of Granada by Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.
The prevailing religion is Catholicism.
The Kingdom of Spain had a long presence in Italy and left economic and cultural traces that are still visible today, especially in the language, baroque music and figurative arts of the South.
Holder of a dissolved Colonial Empire between the early 19th and 20th centuries, it then suffered a decline both as a political power and as an economic player.
During the Franco regime, there was a strong emigration to France with a consequent demographic decrease but also the transfer of dissident intellectuals and artists, including Pablo Picasso, to Paris and other French cities.
It remained neutral during World War II.
From the aforementioned economic stagnation began to emerge as Spain approached the Community and then the European Union. Spain’s GDP, which at the beginning of the 1980s was still considered a developing country, was the eighth largest in the world between 2004 and 2007, only to suffer from the subprime crisis with a retreat that brought it to fifteenth place at the end of 2023.
Italy has strongly contributed to this industrial progress with participatory and private company interventions on Spanish territory as well as through the acquisition of local companies.
Important economic sectors are the automotive industry, mainly controlled by foreign companies, and tourism.
A country poor in fossil energy resources, it has invested in renewables, thanks to which it has reached almost 50% coverage of national needs.
It is the fifth largest exporter in the European Union after Germany, France, Italy and Belgium.
The main importing countries of Spanish products in 2023 were, in descending order, France, Germany, Italy and Portugal.
The main exporting countries to the Spanish market in 2023 were, in descending order, Germany, China, France and Italy.
| Head of state | King Felipe VI |
| Head of Government | Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón |
| Institutional Form | Parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
| Capital | Madrid |
| Legislative Power | Bicameral General Courts, Senate or Senado (265 seats), Congress of Deputies or Congreso de los Diputados (350 seats) |
| Judicial Power | Supreme Court or Tribunal Supremo (organized in 5 different sections); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional de Espana (12 judges) |
| Ambassador to Italy | Miguel Ángel Fernández-Palacios |
| Total Area kmq | 505.370 km2 |
| Land | 498.980 km2 |
| Weather | Temperate |
| Natural resources | Coal, lignite, iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, uranium, tungsten, mercury, pyrites, magnesite, fluorspar, gypsum, sepiolite, kaolin, potash, hydropower, arable land |
| Economic summary | Spain is one of the most stable countries in the eurozone. It shows significant economic growth despite the public debt that still burdens the country |
| GDP | €1.402 billion |
| Pro-capite GDP (Purchasing power parity) | $33.274 |
| Exports | Cars, refined petroleum, garments, packaged medicine, vehicle parts/accessories |
| Export partner | France, Germany, Portugal, Italy, UK (2022) |
| Imports | Crude petroleum, natural gas, garments, cars, vehicle parts/accessories |
| Import partner | Germany, China, France, Italy, US (2022) |
| Trade With Italy | €65.719 mln (2023) |
| Population | 47.280.433 (2024) |
| Population Growth | 0,12% (2024) |
| Ethnicities | Spanish 84.8%, Moroccan 1.7%, Romanian 1.2%, other 12.3% (2021) |
| Languages | Castilian Spanish (official nationwide), Catalan (official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community), Galician (official in Galicia), Basque (official in the Basque Country and Navarre), Aranese |
| Religions | Roman Catholic 58.2%, atheist 16.2%, agnostic 10.8%, other 2.7%, non-believer 10.5%, unspecified 1.7% (2021 est.) |
| Urbanization | 81,6% (2023) |
| Literacy | 98,6% (2020) |
A country admitted, after the end of the dictatorship of Francisco Franco who died in 1975, to NATO since 1982 and to the European Community since 1986.
Spain is, together with France, the only European country bordered by both the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
It is a country with strong immigration from Morocco, mainly in the enclave of Ceuta and Melilla.
A nation with a deep Neo-Latin culture, it received its first unitary statehood in the 5th century A.D. by the Visigoths.
After Arab domination, it was definitively reunified in 1492 with the conquest of Granada by Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile.
The prevailing religion is Catholicism.
The Kingdom of Spain had a long presence in Italy and left economic and cultural traces that are still visible today, especially in the language, baroque music and figurative arts of the South.
Holder of a dissolved Colonial Empire between the early 19th and 20th centuries, it then suffered a decline both as a political power and as an economic player.
During the Franco regime, there was a strong emigration to France with a consequent demographic decrease but also the transfer of dissident intellectuals and artists, including Pablo Picasso, to Paris and other French cities.
It remained neutral during World War II.
From the aforementioned economic stagnation began to emerge as Spain approached the Community and then the European Union. Spain’s GDP, which at the beginning of the 1980s was still considered a developing country, was the eighth largest in the world between 2004 and 2007, only to suffer from the subprime crisis with a retreat that brought it to fifteenth place at the end of 2023.
Italy has strongly contributed to this industrial progress with participatory and private company interventions on Spanish territory as well as through the acquisition of local companies.
Important economic sectors are the automotive industry, mainly controlled by foreign companies, and tourism.
A country poor in fossil energy resources, it has invested in renewables, thanks to which it has reached almost 50% coverage of national needs.
It is the fifth largest exporter in the European Union after Germany, France, Italy and Belgium.
The main importing countries of Spanish products in 2023 were, in descending order, France, Germany, Italy and Portugal.
The main exporting countries to the Spanish market in 2023 were, in descending order, Germany, China, France and Italy.
